Chinua Achebe
Things Fall Apart: Conflict between ancient Folktales and Colonizers
Western people do not consider Africa to be an important continent. They think Africa is full of superfluous, unbelievable and unreasonable material in the world. ' Africa means the darkness of the world. African people are uncivilized, culture barbarians, traditions are superstitious, inferior to live. They are the people of darkness, like the colour of the body. Therefore it is unreasonable to speak to Africans; He does not know himself; The best known to him - the people of the Western know. And since black people are speechless and inferior, they are responsible for their rule, suppression or 'illumination'. The imperialist view of Africa or the 'Dark Continent' has been cherished for hundreds of years in western society and in medieval times.
After the development of post-colonial thought in African countries after the Second World War, they gradually fall in the idea of the preaching in the Western; The old refreshing ice begins to melt But the ice is not completely melted yet. Because the imperialist colonization is being established now. The first of these projects is to create a cultural crisis and sow seeds of inferiority among the local people. Extend political aggression by destroying the climate of the atmosphere. Chinua Achebe's Things Fall Apart, the creation of the conquest of this Folktales relationship with ancient culture. Karl Marx has studied social life, social events and social history in terms of Folktales materialism through historical materialism. In this theory, he explained the process of transformation and the transformation of society through specific formulas and real analysis of the flow of events. With the ancient culture of Africa, the Folktales relation of the western culture of Western society is considered as the 'technical aspect' of historical materialism in 'Things Fall Apart'.
People's lives in Africa are confident in group centred culture. Traditional culture controls their clan's life. In the practice of the same production century, economic structure, lifestyle, law, reform, art, and celebrations, they were traditional to celebrate centuries. Paganism in religious belief, primitive production system, socio-cultural activities - traditional. Until the colonization, for centuries, ancient culture in Africa was immortalized, lustfully-celebrated, devotedly. In the event of folk culture, birth-growth-general consequences of ordinary people. The imperialist colonies of Western society not only destroy the culture; but also imposed on the culture religion. Many tribes and communities have been completely destroyed by genocide. However, on the basis of science and logic, many things of ancient culture are not acceptable or rational; But for this reason, there is no right to suppress and repel any nation. The famous writer of Nigeria, Chinua Achebe, in the Man Booker-winning novel 'Things Fall Apart', gave artistic descriptions of the ancient culture's glorification, heritage and the Folktales relation of colonization.
From the first to fifteen sections, there are various events in the life of Okonkwo, along with the canvas of ancient African cultures. Okonkwo has developed himself as a struggling warrior; he did not feel left out of luck. He did not get anything from his lazy dad. At the age of eighteen, his fame spread like a wildfire to the far distance, due to the defeat of Amalinzo, in the wrestling, the surname 'Unbeaten Cat'. He is a tall, thick body and wide nose. The heel of the foot does not touch the soil, as if walking in the spring. At a young age, he has taken several titles and wives; He is wealthy in the tribe and the greatest warrior of the same time.
Once a year, farmers produce farmland and produce crops. At the beginning of the rainy season, the rain softens, the jam-weeds are cleaned and yam seeds are sown - its called the king of this yam crop. Barley, watermelon and beans are sown in the yam mound when heavy rain starts. However, Yam is their main food. Besides, Yam is a symbol of masculinity. Okonkwo employs all the power to produce yam, he works on the farm with everyone's family.
The harvest festival is called the New-Yam Festival. This festival is before harvesting. Last night, after eating all the reserves stored, new yam begins with the festival of Harvest Festival in the new year. Eating and festivals on the first day of the festival - offering sacrifices to the god in the morning, prayer for children; In the neighbourhood, the arrival of the relatives of the neighbouring villages and the drinking water of the talisman continues. On the second day of the festival, organized the Great War of the village adjacent to the village of Okonkwo; Wrestling goes to the rhythm of the music; Boys, children, young people, old men, women stand and create a circle, leaving the middle of the field; old people sitting in their quarters.
Religion has a great place in Africa's ancient culture. They think that the goddess controls their lives. For example, the soil goddess, the goddess of all fertility sources; This goddess and the ancestor's soul are honoured in the speciality of the harvest festival. The Prophet (peace and blessings of God be upon him) prophesied in Agbala, in the cave of the mountains, when people got directions or in trouble, people came and took the message to this god and acted like that. They also have different deities in each and every case. For example Yam deity, clan deity, personal god and god of all power. These priests represent various priests, who are very influential in society; Such as the Agboalera, Okonkwo has a personal deity, which he always delivers various things that keep him happy. People worship with ancestors through these gods. Their ancestral relationship with them is very close; In the funeral ceremony-festival, they maintain kinship with the ancestral souls through the gods.
It is not only the use of law and order in the modern state; In ancient culture, law or customs played an important role in human life. In the village of Okonkwo, the victim of a man from a village of Umufia killed the neighbouring village. For this reason, Okonkwo took the message: Whether a young boy and a virgin girl should be given war, no compensation. Okonkwo was compensated by the fear of the king. The virgin girl is the wife of the deceased and the boy is under the supervision of the Okonkwo. The boy as a relative of the member of his family. But after three years, a group of elderly people of nine villages killed Okonkwo and killed the teenager on the edge of the forest. In this incident, Okonkwo suffered a mental injury. Because the boy called him 'father'. On the other hand, during a funeral celebration of a great personality, suddenly Okonkwo shots unintentionally and killed him. For such crimes against females and clay goddess, Okonkwo has to leave the village with the family and stay away from the tribe, in a seven-year exile in the village of Mabanta.
In African culture, big festivals are organized on the occasion of marriage. Like the Indian subcontinent marriage system, they also arranged marriage and wedding day and grandfathers, banquets, wedding receptions with relatives, gifts are presented. However, the abundance of wine contained in the wedding; Banana, Fu-Fu, and Yam curry; Songs of the daughter and daughter of the bride dancing to the rhythm of the ancient culture of Africa. In the marriage of the daughter of the Okonkwo's friend, everyone is celebrating this festival.
Birthdate is a very important event for the Igbo community. If a child is born in normal form, he is welcomed; But when twins or an unborn baby is born, he or she is wounded by a weapon and is thrown into 'naughty forest', so that he or she can not return to the mother's womb. The funeral is performed on the death of a saint or hero; Through the announcement of the drumming. On the other hand, living relations with people are very close. They were contacted at various events. This relation is more intense, especially in the funeral time.
Patriarchy is not only in Africa but in almost all the ancient socio-cultures of the nations. The position of women is down there. Any psychical well-known man has many wives; There is no right to give the opinion of women or wives on any important matters of social life; That's their custom. Men's dominance over their affairs from production to martyrdom is their tradition. Although Okonkwo has many wives, they don't give any importance to the opinion.
The fame of folklore, proverb and poetry is one of the features of ancient culture. In this novel, Chinua Achebe has used some folk and philosophical elements literature in a tactical way, which is very pleasant. They got together with the background, layout and mood of the entire novel.
The real project of colonial imperialism; Purpose Political-military domination through economic exploitation of the local resources and the exploitation of the people economically beneficially in exchange for exploitation. In Nigeria's traditional society and culture, the colony first came in the shadow of religion; Gradually in commercial ways, on the pretext of the law and court and through military operations. In 'Things Fall Apart', the new colony shapes the conflict between the new colony and the traditional culture into a lifelong narrative.
In the traditional cultural climate, the life of Okonkwo was very comfortable and full of family, children and friends in Umufia village. Unfortunately, an unintentional murder makes his life changed. According to conventional law, during the exile of seven years in the neighbouring village, he faces a new experience. This deportation begins in the second part of the novel. Many stories about the arrival of Christian priests and their stories make him distracted.
The biggest blow is when his son Nwoye joins with the priests and the missionary people, and later he becomes a teacher of the school by adopting Christianity. The arrival of missionary people, activities, churning down the church in 'naughty forest', praying in church with the people of the community, establishing a new religion, establishing schools, etc. The best warrior Okonkwo could not accept anything at all. Because of being in another village, he has repeatedly got angry and angry; Failure to do nothing is rude.
In the third part of the novel, Okonkwo returns to his village. He thought that his return would be a very significant event. He will take the highest title of the tribe; Build houses, borders, and barns; The beautiful two daughters will get married to him; The boys will include ozone society; Through these things, the country can be in high dignity. But nothing really happened in reality. His return is a common matter; Because Umuofia has changed a lot. Coconut oil market has been created and the penetration of external capital has been established. The church has been established; In addition to the undesirable and inexhaustible, one of the two expensive personalities joined the Missionary. There was not only religion, but the government, courts, judges and payada were imported. When he was brought under the law and tried and punished. Gradually, an administrative authority has been gradually established. But these works have been done by the West to declare their superiority, progress in knowledge-science-technology, colour nobility, by proclaiming the greatness of religion; Talk about the establishment of good and good governance. Is still as such. Once upon a time, fly and sit around, without any legality. Okonkwo could not accept these. The protagonist and rival character repeatedly woke up, But he got himself alone; Could not do anything due to the situation.
The aim of the colonial power is to create a conflict by any carpenter accident. Confrontation, suppression and suppression of power; Because they have modern weapons and tricks. At one point the missionaries dispute with local people. At an event in honour of the goddess, the fiercely new Christian Enoch reopened the mask of ancestors that appeared. It is a moral work in the clan society. As a result, the group's youths were destroyed by the destruction of Enok's house and the church buildings. Okonkwo became very excited about this incident, thinking back to the old days again. But he did not realize that the past does not come back. As a result, the district commissioner summoned six leaders of the tribe; Sweet sweet words detained in prison; Humiliated; Then release it after giving fine.
In this case, there was a strong uproar among the tribe; there is a big gathering; Speakers speak about retaliation; It was called to uproot the 'root of naughty'. The warrior Okonkwo cannot think of anything except retaliation. But in the meantime, according to the order of the Paya commissioner, Okonkwo made the extreme decision to break the meeting; Okonkwo kills the Paya commissioner. As a result, he called for a tragedy in his own life. Instead of tackling the situation with courage, the crowds could run away from fear. On the other side, Okonkwo was forced to commit suicide by humiliation, disgrace, and against the law of shame. The 'rigorous administrator sued' to 'the students of the ancient culture'. But the barriers to colonization have ended. The novel ends with the 'great' experience of spreading the 'light of civilization' in the dark world of Africa and the desire of writing a book on Okonkwo's event. Name of the book: 'The control of the ancient tribe of Lower Nigerian' In fact, there is no control, aggression-plunder-oppression-rule in the 'lower' caste country. According to ancient rule, the ancient culture rate is closer to colonial power and craft.
In light of the traditional relation of social transformation, we have organized the disaster of the ancient traditional culture of Africa, in 'Things Fall Apart'. The writer did not give emotional importance in this regard. In the next novel, the author has composed the narrative of the conflict between the Igbo community's modern tradition and the traditional life of the Western country with its own heritage and culture. The ancient society-culture-tradition, the bloody and historical conflict of modern civilization. The Western people have led to the real-life background of artistic styles. 'Things Fall Apart' is the true literary creation of this inevitable conflict.
After the development of post-colonial thought in African countries after the Second World War, they gradually fall in the idea of the preaching in the Western; The old refreshing ice begins to melt But the ice is not completely melted yet. Because the imperialist colonization is being established now. The first of these projects is to create a cultural crisis and sow seeds of inferiority among the local people. Extend political aggression by destroying the climate of the atmosphere. Chinua Achebe's Things Fall Apart, the creation of the conquest of this Folktales relationship with ancient culture. Karl Marx has studied social life, social events and social history in terms of Folktales materialism through historical materialism. In this theory, he explained the process of transformation and the transformation of society through specific formulas and real analysis of the flow of events. With the ancient culture of Africa, the Folktales relation of the western culture of Western society is considered as the 'technical aspect' of historical materialism in 'Things Fall Apart'.
SECOND
People's lives in Africa are confident in group centred culture. Traditional culture controls their clan's life. In the practice of the same production century, economic structure, lifestyle, law, reform, art, and celebrations, they were traditional to celebrate centuries. Paganism in religious belief, primitive production system, socio-cultural activities - traditional. Until the colonization, for centuries, ancient culture in Africa was immortalized, lustfully-celebrated, devotedly. In the event of folk culture, birth-growth-general consequences of ordinary people. The imperialist colonies of Western society not only destroy the culture; but also imposed on the culture religion. Many tribes and communities have been completely destroyed by genocide. However, on the basis of science and logic, many things of ancient culture are not acceptable or rational; But for this reason, there is no right to suppress and repel any nation. The famous writer of Nigeria, Chinua Achebe, in the Man Booker-winning novel 'Things Fall Apart', gave artistic descriptions of the ancient culture's glorification, heritage and the Folktales relation of colonization.
“Things Fall Apart” is a classic novel by the biography of the ancient Igbo tribe, Okonkwo; According to the life of the hero, Africa's lifestyle culture-heritage-fall. The novel is divided into three parts: the first part is thirteen, the second part is six, the third is six, that is, the beginning, development and consequence of the whole narrative in twenty-five chapters.
From the first to fifteen sections, there are various events in the life of Okonkwo, along with the canvas of ancient African cultures. Okonkwo has developed himself as a struggling warrior; he did not feel left out of luck. He did not get anything from his lazy dad. At the age of eighteen, his fame spread like a wildfire to the far distance, due to the defeat of Amalinzo, in the wrestling, the surname 'Unbeaten Cat'. He is a tall, thick body and wide nose. The heel of the foot does not touch the soil, as if walking in the spring. At a young age, he has taken several titles and wives; He is wealthy in the tribe and the greatest warrior of the same time.
Once a year, farmers produce farmland and produce crops. At the beginning of the rainy season, the rain softens, the jam-weeds are cleaned and yam seeds are sown - its called the king of this yam crop. Barley, watermelon and beans are sown in the yam mound when heavy rain starts. However, Yam is their main food. Besides, Yam is a symbol of masculinity. Okonkwo employs all the power to produce yam, he works on the farm with everyone's family.
The harvest festival is called the New-Yam Festival. This festival is before harvesting. Last night, after eating all the reserves stored, new yam begins with the festival of Harvest Festival in the new year. Eating and festivals on the first day of the festival - offering sacrifices to the god in the morning, prayer for children; In the neighbourhood, the arrival of the relatives of the neighbouring villages and the drinking water of the talisman continues. On the second day of the festival, organized the Great War of the village adjacent to the village of Okonkwo; Wrestling goes to the rhythm of the music; Boys, children, young people, old men, women stand and create a circle, leaving the middle of the field; old people sitting in their quarters.
Religion has a great place in Africa's ancient culture. They think that the goddess controls their lives. For example, the soil goddess, the goddess of all fertility sources; This goddess and the ancestor's soul are honoured in the speciality of the harvest festival. The Prophet (peace and blessings of God be upon him) prophesied in Agbala, in the cave of the mountains, when people got directions or in trouble, people came and took the message to this god and acted like that. They also have different deities in each and every case. For example Yam deity, clan deity, personal god and god of all power. These priests represent various priests, who are very influential in society; Such as the Agboalera, Okonkwo has a personal deity, which he always delivers various things that keep him happy. People worship with ancestors through these gods. Their ancestral relationship with them is very close; In the funeral ceremony-festival, they maintain kinship with the ancestral souls through the gods.
It is not only the use of law and order in the modern state; In ancient culture, law or customs played an important role in human life. In the village of Okonkwo, the victim of a man from a village of Umufia killed the neighbouring village. For this reason, Okonkwo took the message: Whether a young boy and a virgin girl should be given war, no compensation. Okonkwo was compensated by the fear of the king. The virgin girl is the wife of the deceased and the boy is under the supervision of the Okonkwo. The boy as a relative of the member of his family. But after three years, a group of elderly people of nine villages killed Okonkwo and killed the teenager on the edge of the forest. In this incident, Okonkwo suffered a mental injury. Because the boy called him 'father'. On the other hand, during a funeral celebration of a great personality, suddenly Okonkwo shots unintentionally and killed him. For such crimes against females and clay goddess, Okonkwo has to leave the village with the family and stay away from the tribe, in a seven-year exile in the village of Mabanta.
In African culture, big festivals are organized on the occasion of marriage. Like the Indian subcontinent marriage system, they also arranged marriage and wedding day and grandfathers, banquets, wedding receptions with relatives, gifts are presented. However, the abundance of wine contained in the wedding; Banana, Fu-Fu, and Yam curry; Songs of the daughter and daughter of the bride dancing to the rhythm of the ancient culture of Africa. In the marriage of the daughter of the Okonkwo's friend, everyone is celebrating this festival.
Birthdate is a very important event for the Igbo community. If a child is born in normal form, he is welcomed; But when twins or an unborn baby is born, he or she is wounded by a weapon and is thrown into 'naughty forest', so that he or she can not return to the mother's womb. The funeral is performed on the death of a saint or hero; Through the announcement of the drumming. On the other hand, living relations with people are very close. They were contacted at various events. This relation is more intense, especially in the funeral time.
Patriarchy is not only in Africa but in almost all the ancient socio-cultures of the nations. The position of women is down there. Any psychical well-known man has many wives; There is no right to give the opinion of women or wives on any important matters of social life; That's their custom. Men's dominance over their affairs from production to martyrdom is their tradition. Although Okonkwo has many wives, they don't give any importance to the opinion.
The fame of folklore, proverb and poetry is one of the features of ancient culture. In this novel, Chinua Achebe has used some folk and philosophical elements literature in a tactical way, which is very pleasant. They got together with the background, layout and mood of the entire novel.
THIRD
The real project of colonial imperialism; Purpose Political-military domination through economic exploitation of the local resources and the exploitation of the people economically beneficially in exchange for exploitation. In Nigeria's traditional society and culture, the colony first came in the shadow of religion; Gradually in commercial ways, on the pretext of the law and court and through military operations. In 'Things Fall Apart', the new colony shapes the conflict between the new colony and the traditional culture into a lifelong narrative.
In the traditional cultural climate, the life of Okonkwo was very comfortable and full of family, children and friends in Umufia village. Unfortunately, an unintentional murder makes his life changed. According to conventional law, during the exile of seven years in the neighbouring village, he faces a new experience. This deportation begins in the second part of the novel. Many stories about the arrival of Christian priests and their stories make him distracted.
The biggest blow is when his son Nwoye joins with the priests and the missionary people, and later he becomes a teacher of the school by adopting Christianity. The arrival of missionary people, activities, churning down the church in 'naughty forest', praying in church with the people of the community, establishing a new religion, establishing schools, etc. The best warrior Okonkwo could not accept anything at all. Because of being in another village, he has repeatedly got angry and angry; Failure to do nothing is rude.
In the third part of the novel, Okonkwo returns to his village. He thought that his return would be a very significant event. He will take the highest title of the tribe; Build houses, borders, and barns; The beautiful two daughters will get married to him; The boys will include ozone society; Through these things, the country can be in high dignity. But nothing really happened in reality. His return is a common matter; Because Umuofia has changed a lot. Coconut oil market has been created and the penetration of external capital has been established. The church has been established; In addition to the undesirable and inexhaustible, one of the two expensive personalities joined the Missionary. There was not only religion, but the government, courts, judges and payada were imported. When he was brought under the law and tried and punished. Gradually, an administrative authority has been gradually established. But these works have been done by the West to declare their superiority, progress in knowledge-science-technology, colour nobility, by proclaiming the greatness of religion; Talk about the establishment of good and good governance. Is still as such. Once upon a time, fly and sit around, without any legality. Okonkwo could not accept these. The protagonist and rival character repeatedly woke up, But he got himself alone; Could not do anything due to the situation.
The aim of the colonial power is to create a conflict by any carpenter accident. Confrontation, suppression and suppression of power; Because they have modern weapons and tricks. At one point the missionaries dispute with local people. At an event in honour of the goddess, the fiercely new Christian Enoch reopened the mask of ancestors that appeared. It is a moral work in the clan society. As a result, the group's youths were destroyed by the destruction of Enok's house and the church buildings. Okonkwo became very excited about this incident, thinking back to the old days again. But he did not realize that the past does not come back. As a result, the district commissioner summoned six leaders of the tribe; Sweet sweet words detained in prison; Humiliated; Then release it after giving fine.
In this case, there was a strong uproar among the tribe; there is a big gathering; Speakers speak about retaliation; It was called to uproot the 'root of naughty'. The warrior Okonkwo cannot think of anything except retaliation. But in the meantime, according to the order of the Paya commissioner, Okonkwo made the extreme decision to break the meeting; Okonkwo kills the Paya commissioner. As a result, he called for a tragedy in his own life. Instead of tackling the situation with courage, the crowds could run away from fear. On the other side, Okonkwo was forced to commit suicide by humiliation, disgrace, and against the law of shame. The 'rigorous administrator sued' to 'the students of the ancient culture'. But the barriers to colonization have ended. The novel ends with the 'great' experience of spreading the 'light of civilization' in the dark world of Africa and the desire of writing a book on Okonkwo's event. Name of the book: 'The control of the ancient tribe of Lower Nigerian' In fact, there is no control, aggression-plunder-oppression-rule in the 'lower' caste country. According to ancient rule, the ancient culture rate is closer to colonial power and craft.
FOURTH
In light of the traditional relation of social transformation, we have organized the disaster of the ancient traditional culture of Africa, in 'Things Fall Apart'. The writer did not give emotional importance in this regard. In the next novel, the author has composed the narrative of the conflict between the Igbo community's modern tradition and the traditional life of the Western country with its own heritage and culture. The ancient society-culture-tradition, the bloody and historical conflict of modern civilization. The Western people have led to the real-life background of artistic styles. 'Things Fall Apart' is the true literary creation of this inevitable conflict.
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